Double
Bill: Rocky vs. Taxi Driver
Despite
not being born when it happened, I'm a big fan of 70s cinema. Cast
your eye over the list of Best
Picture nominees alone and many of them would be high up on lists of best films of all time. Take 1975 as an example: Jaws,
One
Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest
and Dog
Day Afternoon.
I'm afraid that American
Hustle
and Gravity
simply lack the same 'timeless' quality their 70s counterparts seemed
to have in abundance. Will some self-righteous keyboard warrior such
as myself be writing about them in 40 years' time? I doubt it. For a
start, I'll likely be eating my meals through a straw and shouting at
the pigeons by then...
But
depending on your point of view, there was a grave injustice
committed in 1976, where the Oscar committee saw fit to give the
statue to Rocky (John
G. Avildsen) ahead of Taxi
Driver
(Martin Scorsese). Now don't get me wrong, both are fine films in
their own way, and would make a brilliant double bill, but I think
Taxi Driver
is the better film, but only just. I'm going to have a look at both
of them and try to decide who wins the fight between Taxi
Driver's
Travis Bickle (Robert De Niro) and Rocky's
Balboa (Sylvester Stallone).
Round
1 – Philadelphia vs. New York
Both films have a strong
sense of place, integral to the story. Balboa's soul is being eroded
by his job collecting debts for local mafia, such is the level of
poverty in his town; something for him to escape from but
simultaneously stay loyal to. Bickle's character is driven (pun
intended) by his disgust for his city. New York is depicted as an
endless, neon urban sprawl, full of sleaze and dirt. Balboa's Philly
is a working class dead end from which he escapes, through sheer
bloody hard work; the American Dream punched into reality. Bickle's
New York is more of a nightmare, both literal and figurative. He
wants change, he wants improvement; but it's not himself that he
tries to change or improve; it's the streets.
Round
2 – Yo Adrian, You Talkin' To Me?
Rocky
Balboa is so often defined by his relationship with Talia Shire's
Adrian Pennino, always there to worry about him when he's having his
ass handed to him, that it's easy to forget how they got started. A
huge part of Rocky's
charm comes from how clumsy and oafish Stallone makes him. He's a
boxed and a mob enforcer but he's totally unthreatening. Seeing the
big lug dance circles round the shy Adrian, nothing to say but never
shutting up, is disarming and makes us love and root for him. He's a
hero with a heart but before Adrian comes along, it's empty.
Bickle on the other hand
is a masculine crisis personified. Cocooned in his cab, the wounded
and disturbed Vietnam vet has nothing in his life but his impulse to
lash out at society and in doing so change it for the better; his
'real rain to wash the scum from the streets' takes the form of
vigilante violence. Any why? We aren't really told but presumably
it's because he can't think of anything else to do. His abortive
relationship with Cybill Shepherd's Betsy is uncomfortable to watch
and highlights how isolated he is from the world. He needs a cause,
something to live for and to fight for but can find nobody who wants
his help. If only he'd taken up boxing...
Round
3 – Livin' In America...
While
parts of Taxi
Driver
revolve around a political campaign, which Bickle volunteers for and
then attempts to violently end, there's more going on here; there are
differing ideological viewpoints. Rocky
is a more traditional American, almost conservative film; it presents
the idea that anyone, literally anyone, can succeed at anything,
literally anything,
if they try hard enough and believe. This is the standard excuse
wheeled out to justify the inequities of capitalism time and time
again: work hard enough and you'll be rich. Rocky works hard enough
and he's fighting the champ (an implausible amount of luck aside).
The film is smart enough not to give you the pay off you want when
Apollo wins the fight (and I think this has contributed to the film's
longevity; had he won, it would not have been as powerful), but
ultimately Rocky Balboa personifies the working class Joe, for whom
the American Dream is always just around that next corner...
Paul
Schrader wrote a much more cynical view of the world in Taxi
Driver.
While the vigilante aspects therein could be read as conservative,
that social problems can only
be dealt with through violence, I would argue that it presents a more
anarchic, almost nihilistic worldview. Where are the authority
figures in Taxi
Driver?
Peter Boyle's older, wiser cabbie has no answers, Senator Palantine
offers nothing for Travis to cling to, even Betsy has little to say.
The wisest character in the film is arguably Jodie Foster's teenage
prostitute. It also takes a very dim view of traditional
relationships, highlighting how ill-equipped men are for them and how
infantile they can be about sex. Bickle's spectacular lack of
connection with Betsy, coupled with his infamous choice of first date
venue results in rejection and anger. This episode says more about
men than it does women; Betsy is a smart, sophisticated and ambitious
woman, while Bickle is little more than a caged animal, sharpening
his claws on the bars. By contrast, in Rocky
the relationship with Adrian is sweet and charming, very much the
emotional centrepiece of the film.
Round
4 – The Italian Stallion vs. God's Lonely Man
Where
Rocky
shows the importance of ambition, Taxi
Driver
highlights the lack of belonging and the destructive power of
isolation; not exactly an endorsement of American rugged
individualism. Neither protagonist really knows what else to do
with their lives. Balboa punches folks and takes a beating, Bickle
builds inexorably to a violent confrontation (unsanctioned by a
boxing commission...). Despite the differences, their stories make
for two of the greatest films made in a decade of great films. One,
an American classic in which a man fights against the odds and
triumphs (but doesn't win); the other, a more European-influenced
film, non-narrative and meandering where a man tries to change the
world and ends up changing absolutely nothing. He saves the girl but
everything else is doomed.
Do yourself a favour and
watch these two together. You can decide for yourself who deserved
the Oscar (I'm deciding against both and giving it to Network)
but I would recommend watching Taxi Driver first and Rocky
second; you'll have a much happier ending!